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Crataegus × lavallei, sometimes simply known as Crataegus lavallei or Lavallée’s hawthorn, is a hybrid that arose between cultivated specimens of two species in the genus Crataegus (Hawthorn).

The female parent was C. mexicana, and the male parent is thought to be C. calpodendron ^[1]. Carrière’s hawthorn, C. × carrieri has the same parentage, and is therefore a synonym, i.e. the same species. There are minor differences between Lavallée’s hawthorn and Carrière’s hawthorn, and the latter is appropriately considered a separate form, which is formally written as Crataegus ‘carrieri’.

C. × lavallei is an ornamental small tree with glossy dark green unlobed leaves that is used horticulturally.

Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crataegus_%C3%97_lavallei

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Crataegus monogyna, known as Common Hawthorn, is a species of hawthorn native to Europe, northwest Africa and western Asia. Other common names include may, mayblossom, maythorn, quickthorn, whitethorn, motherdie, and haw. This species is one of several that have been referred to as Crataegus oxyacantha, a name that has been rejected by the botanical community as too ambiguous.

It is a broadly spreading shrub or small tree 5–14 m tall, with a dense crown. The bark is dull brown with vertical orange cracks. The younger stems bear sharp thorns, 1 to 1.5 cm long. The leaves are 2–4 cm long, obovate and deeply lobed, sometimes almost to the midrib, with the lobes spreading at a wide angle. The upper surface is dark green above and paler underneath.

The hermaphrodite flowers are produced in late spring (May to early June in its native area) in corymbs of 5-25 together; each flower is about 1 cm diameter, and has five white petals, numerous red stamens, and a single style; they are moderately fragrant. They are pollinated by midges and later in the year bear numerous haws. The haw is a small, oval dark red fruit about 1 cm long, berry-like, but structurally a pome containing a single seed. Haws are important for wildlife in winter, particularly thrushes and waxwings; these birds eat the haws and disperse the seeds in their droppings.

It is distinguished from the related but less widespread Midland Hawthorn (C. laevigata) in the leaves being deeply lobed, with spreading lobes, and in the flowers having just one style, not two or three. However they are inter-fertile and hybrids occur frequently; they are only entirely distinct in their more typical forms.

Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Hawthorn

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Crataegus mollis, known as Downy Hawthorn or Red Hawthorn, occurs in eastern North America from southeastern North Dakota east to Nova Scotia and southwest to eastern Texas. This tree inhabits wooded bottomlands, the prairie border, and the midwest savanna understorey.

This tree grows to 10-13 m high with a dense crown of thorny branches and an ash-grey trunk. The leaves are 5-10 cm in length and often drop in late summer due to defoliation by leaf diseases. The tree seems to suffer little from the early loss of its leaves. Among the earliest in the genus to bloom, Downy Hawthorn also has earliest ripening fruit, which decorate the defoliated tree in late summer and early fall. It is closely related to Crataegus submollis, but the two species have separate native ranges. Amongst other differences between these two species, C. submollis has approximately 10 stamens, whereas C. mollis has approximately 20 stamens per flower.

The white flowers are borne in clusters at the end of the branches in spring. The bright red edible fruit ripens in late summer and early fall and falls soon after.

This species is a target of Gypsy moths. Leaf rusts and fireblight are among the many foliage diseases to affect this species. The sharp thorns are a hazard.^{[citation needed]}

This species is uncommon in cultivation.

Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downy_Hawthorn

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